Internal

Defines the status of the simulation object

Wraps DynamicBranch devices from PowerSystems to handle changes in controls and connection status, and allocate the required indexes of the state space.

Wraps DynamicInjection devices from PowerSystems to handle changes in controls and connection status, and allocate the required indexes of the state space.

SimulationInputs build function for MassMatrixModels

SimulationInputs build function for ResidualModels

Generator Inner Vars:

• τe_var :: Electric torque
• τm_var :: Mechanical torque
• Vf_var :: Field voltage
• V_pss_var :: Additional PSS voltage
• VR_gen_var :: Real part of the terminal voltage
• VI_gen_var :: Imaginary part of the terminal voltage
• ψd_var :: Stator Flux (if defined) in the d-axis
• ψq_var :: Stator Flux (if defined) in the q-axis

Inverter Inner Vars:

• md_var :: Modulation signal on the d-component
• mq_var :: Modulation signal on the q-component
• Vdc_var :: DC voltage supplied by the DC source
• Vr_filter_var :: Voltage seen in the capacitor of the filter in the R-component
• Vi_filter_var :: Voltage seen in the capacitor of the filter in the I-component
• θ_freq_estimator_var :: Angle estimated by the frequency estimator.
• ω_freq_estimator_var :: Frequency estimated by the frequency estimator.
• V_oc_var :: Control voltage reference in the d-axis supplied from the outer loop control to the inner loop (for Voltage Mode Control)
• Id_oc_var :: Control current reference in the d-axis supplied from the outer loop control to the inner loop (for Current Mode Control)
• Iq_oc_var :: Control current reference in the q-axis supplied from the outer loop control to the inner loop (for Current Mode Control)
• Id_ic_var :: Control current reference in the d-axis supplied from the inner loop control to the converter (for Generic Models)
• Iq_ic_var :: Control current reference in the q-axis supplied from the inner loop control to the converter (for Generic Models)
• Ir_cnv_var :: Control current reference in the R-axis supplied from the converter to the filter (for Generic Models)
• Ii_cnv_var :: Control current reference in the I-axis supplied from the converter to the filter (for Generic Models)
• ω_oc_var :: Control frequency supplied from the outer loop control the inner loop
• θ_oc_var :: Variation of the angle (PLL or VSM) of the inverter
• Vr_inv_var :: Real terminal voltage on the inverter
• Vi_inv_var :: Imaginary terminal voltage on the inverter
• Vr_cnv_var :: Voltage supplied from the converter in the R-component
• Vi_cnv_var :: Voltage supplied from the converter in the I-component
• P_ES_var :: Power supplied from the Energy Source side

Function to obtain the field current time series of a Dynamic Generator with machine type GENSAE.

Function to obtain the field current time series of a Dynamic Generator with machine type GENSAL.

Function to obtain the field current time series of a Dynamic Generator. It is dispatched via the machine type. By default, machine does not have support for field current

Function to obtain the field current time series of a Dynamic Generator with machine type GENROU/GENROE.

Function to obtain the field voltage time series of a Dynamic Generator with avr AVRFixed.

Function to obtain the field voltage time series of a Dynamic Generator with avr ESST1A.

Function to obtain the field voltage time series of a Dynamic Generator with avr SCRX.

Function to obtain the field voltage time series of a Dynamic Generator with avr ESST1A.

Function to obtain the field voltage time series of a Dynamic Generator with avr ESAC1A and EXAC1.

Function to obtain the field voltage time series of a Dynamic Generator with avrs that have the field voltage as a state. By default it is assumed that the models have that state.

Function to obtain the frequency time series of a droop grid forming inverter out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the OuterControl type.

Function to obtain the frequency time series of a VOC grid forming inverter out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the OuterControl type.

Function to obtain the frequency time series of a virtual inertia grid forming inverter out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the OuterControl type.

Function to obtain the frequency time series of a grid-following inverter with KauraPLL out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the OuterControl and FrequencyEstimator type.

Function to obtain the frequency time series of a grid-following inverter with ReducedOrderPLL out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the OuterControl and FrequencyEstimator type.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a Classic Machine model out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the machine type.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a One-D-One-Q model out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the machine type.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a SauerPaiMachine model out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the machine type.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a Marconato or AndersonFouad model out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the machine type.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a GENROU/GENROE model out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the machine type.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a GENSAL/GENSAE model out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the machine type.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a SimpleMarconato or SimpleAndersonFouad model out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the machine type.

Finds the location of the differential states in the reduced Jacobian

Function to obtain the mechanical torque time series of a Dynamic Generator with DEGOV Turbine Governor.

Function to obtain the mechanical torque time series of a Dynamic Generator with GasTG (GAST) Turbine Governor.

Function to obtain the mechanical torque time series of a Dynamic Generator with HydroTurbineGov (HYGOV) Turbine Governor.

Function to obtain the mechanical torque time series of a Dynamic Generator with HydroTurbineGov (HYGOV) Turbine Governor.

Function to obtain the mechanical torque time series of a Dynamic Generator with SteamTurbineGov1 (TGOV1) Turbine Governor.

Function to obtain the mechanical torque time series of a Dynamic Generator with TGFixed Turbine Governor.

Function to obtain the mechanical torque time series of a Dynamic Generator with TGTypeI Turbine Governor.

Function to obtain the mechanical torque time series of a Dynamic Generator with TGTypeII Turbine Governor.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a LCL Filter model out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the Filter type.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a REGCA converter model out of the DAE Solution. It is dispatched via the Converter type.

Internal function to obtain as a Vector of Float64 of a specific state. It receives the solution and the global index for a state.

Function to obtain the pss output time series of a Dynamic Generator with pss IEEEST.

Function to obtain the pss output time series of a Dynamic Generator with pss PSSFixed.

Function to obtain the field current time series of a Dynamic Generator model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage. It is dispatched for device type to compute the specific current.

Function to obtain the field current time series of a Dynamic Inverter model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage. It must return nothing since field current does not exists in inverters.

Function to obtain the field voltage time series of a Dynamic Generator model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage. It is dispatched for device type to compute the specific voltage.

Function to obtain the field current time series of a Dynamic Inverter model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage. It must return nothing since field voltage does not exists in inverters.

Function to obtain the output frequency time series of a DynamicGenerator

Function to obtain the mechanical torque time series of a Dynamic Generator model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage. It is dispatched for device type to compute the specific torque.

Function to obtain the mechanical torque time series of a Dynamic Inverter model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage. It must return nothing since mechanical torque is not used in inverters.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a AggregateDistributedGenerationA (DERA) model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a ExponentialLoad model.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a PeriodicVariableSource model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage. It is dispatched for device type to compute the specific current. computeoutputcurrent(::SimulationResults, ::PeriodicVariableSource, ::Vector{Float64}, ::Vector{Float64}, ::Nothing)

Function to obtain the output current time series of a PowerLoad model.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a 3th Order Induction Machine model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a 5th Order Induction Machine model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a PowerLoad model.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a Dynamic Generator model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage. It is dispatched for device type to compute the specific current.

Function to obtain the output current time series of a Dynamic Inverter model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage. It is dispatched for device type to compute the specific current.

Default function to compute output current. Returns an error

Function to obtain the pss output time series of a Dynamic Generator model out of the DAE Solution. It receives the simulation inputs, the dynamic device and bus voltage. It is dispatched for device type to compute the specific output.

configure_logging(;
    console_level = Logging.Error,
    file_level = Logging.Info,
    filename = "power-simulations.log",
)

Creates console and file loggers.

Note: Log messages may not be written to the file until flush() or close() is called on the returned logger.

Arguments

• console_level = Logging.Error: level for console messages
• file_level = Logging.Info: level for file messages
• filename::String = power-simulations.log: log file

Example

logger = configure_logging(console_level = Logging.Info)
@info "log message"
close(logger)

Model of 12-state Active Constant Power Load in Julia. Based on the paper Malicious Control of an Active Load in an Islanded Mixed-Source Microgrid by C. Roberts, U. Markovic, D. Arnold and D. Callaway.

Model of Static Shunt Compensator: CSVGN1.

Model of 3-state (SimplifiedSingleCageInductionMachine) induction motor in Julia. Based on the 3rd order model derived in Prabha Kundur's Book and the equations in "Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems" by Paul Krause, Oleg Wasynczuk and Scott Sudhoff.

Model of 5-state (SingleCageInductionMachine) induction motor in Julia. Refer to "Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems" by Paul Krause, Oleg Wasynczuk and Scott Sudhoff for the equations

Initialitation of model of 6-state (Anderson-Fouad) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Initialitation of model of 0-state synchronous (classic model) machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Initialitation of model of 6-state (Marconato) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Initialitation of model of 2-state (One d- and One q-) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Initialitation of model of 6-state (SauerPai) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Initialitation of model of 4-state (Simple Anderson-Fouad) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Initialitation of model of 4-state (Simple Marconato) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Low Pass Filter Modified ┌─────────────┐ │ K │ u -> │ ────────────│ -> y │ K_den + sT │ └─────────────┘

Default implementation of mass matrix entries. Keeps the default values in the identity matrix

Model of 6-state (AndersonFouadMachine) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Model of 0-state synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Model of 6-state (MarconatoMachine) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Model of 2-state (One d- and One q-) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Model of 6-state (SauerPaiMachine) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Model of 4-state (SimpleAFMachine) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Model of 4-state (SimpleMarconatoMachine) synchronous machine in Julia. Refer to Power System Modelling and Scripting by F. Milano for the equations

Model for ZIP Load model given by:

Pzip = Ppower + Pcurrent * (V / V0) + Pimpedance * (V / V0)^2 Qzip = Qpower + Qcurrent * (V / V0) + Qimpedance * (V / V0)^2

with V = sqrt(Vr^2 + Vi^2) and V0 the voltage magnitude from the power flow solution

The current taken for the load is computed as: Izip = (Pzip + j Qzip)^* / (Vr + j Vi)^* Izip = (Pzip - j Qzip) / (Vr - j Vi)

For constant impedance it is obtained: Izre = (1 / V0)^2 * (Vr * Pimpedance + Vi * Qimpedance) Izim = (1 / V0)^2 * (Vi * Pimpedance - Vr * Qimpedance)

For constant current it is obtained: Iire = (1 / V0) * ( (Vr * Pcurrent + Vi * Qcurrent) / V ) Iiim = (1 / V0) * ( (Vi * Pcurrent - Vr * Qcurrent) / V )

For constant power it is obtained: Ipre = (Vr * Ppower + Vi * Qpower) / V^2 Ipim = (Vi * Ppower - Vr * Qpower) / V^2

Model for Exponential Load model given by:

Pexp = P0 * (V / V0)^α Qexp = Q0 * (V / V0)^β

The current taken for the load is computed as: Iexp = (Pexp + j Qexp)^* / (Vr + j Vi)^* Iexp = (Pexp - j Qexp) / (Vr - j Vi)

It results: Irexp = Vr * P0 * (V^(α - 2) / V0^α) + Vi * Q0 * (V^(β - 2)/ V0^β) Iiim = Vi * P0 * (V^(α - 2) / V0^α) - Vr * Q0 * (V^(β - 2)/ V0^β)

Function to compute the active power output time series of a Dynamic Injection series out of the DAE Solution. It receives the solution and the string name of the Dynamic Injection device.

Function to compute the current flowing through an AC branch through their series element. The current is computed through the from bus into the to bus.

Function to compute the field current output time series of a Dynamic Injection series out of the DAE Solution. It receives the solution and the string name of the Dynamic Injection device.

Function to compute the field voltage output time series of a Dynamic Injection series out of the DAE Solution. It receives the solution and the string name of the Dynamic Injection device.

Function to compute the frequency of a Dynamic Injection component.

Function to compute the imaginary current output time series of a Dynamic Injection series out of the DAE Solution. It receives the solution and the string name of the Dynamic Injection device.

Function to compute the mechanical torque output time series of a Dynamic Injection series out of the DAE Solution. It receives the solution and the string name of the Dynamic Injection device.

Function to compute the pss output time series of a Dynamic Injection series out of the DAE Solution. It receives the solution and the string name of the Dynamic Injection device.

Function to compute the active power output time series of a Dynamic Injection series out of the DAE Solution. It receives the solution and the string name of the Dynamic Injection device.

Function to compute the real current output time series of a Dynamic Injection series out of the DAE Solution. It receives the solution and the string name of the Dynamic Injection device.

Function to obtain voltage and output currents for a source. It receives the simulation resutls and an optional argument of the time step of the results.

Function to obtain the state time series of a specific state. It receives the simulation, and a tuple containing the name of the Dynamic Device and the symbol of the state.

Function to obtain voltage and output currents for a dynamic device. It receives the simulation, and the name of the Dynamic Device.

Function to obtain voltage using the bus index (and not the bus number). It receives the solution, the bus index and the total number of buses.

Saturation function for exponential saturation models for machines
    Se(x) = B * x^A

Saturation function for quadratic saturation models for machines
    Se(x) = B * (x - A)^2 / x

Three level gate to power transformation for PIDGOV (G0, 0), (G1, P1), (G2, P2), (1, P3) are (x,y) coordinates of Power vs Gate functions

Inverse Three level gate to power transformation for PIDGOV (G0, 0), (G1, P1), (G2, P2), (1, P3) are (x,y) coordinates of Power vs Gate functions